Pulmonary–Renal Syndrome from ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Advanced Real-Life Case Learning objectives: Recognize pulmonary–renal syndrome, use serology and biopsy appropriately without delaying urgent care, and apply supportive management principles. Clinical Scenario A 48-year-old man develops sinus symptoms, hemoptysis, edema, and rapidly rising creatinine. Urinalysis shows dysmorphic erythrocytes […]
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Life-Threatening Hyperkalemia in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Advanced Real-Life Case Learning objectives: Treat severe hyperkalemia according to ECG risk, identify medication and acid-base contributors, and plan definitive potassium removal. Clinical Scenario A 62-year-old woman with diabetic kidney disease, heart failure, and eGFR 24 mL/min/1.73 m² presents with […]
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Obstructive Acute Kidney Injury in an Older Adult
Intermediate Real-Life Case Learning objectives: Recognize postrenal AKI from history, examination, and bedside imaging; prioritize urgent decompression; and interpret the biochemical response after relief of obstruction. Clinical Scenario A 74-year-old man with benign prostatic enlargement presents with 36 hours of […]
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